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      Analysing oppression and pessimism in Eliot's 'In a London Drawingroom'

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain how Eliot uses language and structure to create a pessimistic tone and oppressive atmosphere in 'In a London Drawingroom'.

      Key learning points

      1. Eliot arguably creates a pessimistic tone through the bleak and dreary imagery.
      2. We might interpret the rhythm and enjambment in the poem as enhancing this unrelenting sense of hopelessness.
      3. Eliot arguably creates an oppressive atmosphere through the punitive imagery.
      4. The single stanza structure could be interpreted as showing how confined the people are.
      5. Arguably, Eliot is attributing this pessimism and oppression to the Industrial Revolution.

      Keywords

      • Pessimism - an attitude of hopelessness toward life and toward existence

      • Punitive - intended to punish someone; severely high or unfair

      • Oppression - prolonged cruel or unjust treatment

      • Monotony - lack of variety and interest; tedious repetition and routine

      • Dreary - depressingly dull and bleak or repetitive

      Common misconception

      There is one singular tone or emotion within a poem.

      Often poems express complex and multiple emotions at one time.

      Teacher tip

      It might be useful to remind students of the working conditions within factories during the Industrial Revolution before considering Eliot's pessimism and her creation of an oppressive atmosphere.

      Equipment

      You will need access to a copy of the AQA World and Lives anthology for this lesson.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is enjambment?

      the turning point of the poem where the tone changes
      the pause in the middle of a line of poetry signalled by punctuation
      Correct answer: the continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of a line

      Q2.
      Being pessimistic means...

      Correct answer: tending to see the worst aspect of things
      tending to see the best aspect of things
      tending to remain neutral in your view of things

      Q3.
      The Industrial Revolution most likely harmed who, or what, significantly?

      Correct answer: nature
      factory owners
      Correct answer: factory workers
      the upper classes

      Q4.
      How could we describe the conditions for workers in the factories during the Industrial Revolution?

      Correct answer: dangerous
      Correct answer: cramped
      liberating
      empowering

      Q5.
      George Eliot would likely have been __________ of the Industrial Revolution.

      supportive
      understanding
      Correct answer: critical

      Q6.
      How many stanzas does 'In a London Drawingroom' consist of?

      Correct answer: 1
      2
      4

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What does punitive mean?

      Correct answer: intended to punish someone
      lack of variety and interest
      an attitude of hopelessness

      Q2.
      What could Eliot be attributing the oppression in 'In a London Drawingroom' to?

      the upper classes
      Correct answer: the Industrial Revolution
      the Great Revolution

      Q3.
      In 'In a London Drawingroom' what tone does Eliot arguably create?

      realistic
      optimistic
      Correct answer: pessimtistic

      Q4.
      The rhythm of 'In a London Drawingroom' is very regular. How might this reflect in the poem's message?

      it could suggest the frantic changes of the Industrial Revolution
      Correct answer: it could suggest nothing ever changes
      it could suggest a comforting rhythm of life

      Q5.
      What could the single stanza structure of 'In a London Drawingroom' represent?

      the city is reinforced and powerful
      Correct answer: there are no breaks or mental relief for the people living in the city
      there's a sense of common identity

      Q6.
      We might interpret the rhythm and in 'In a London Drawingroom' as enhancing an unrelenting sense of hopelessness.

      Correct Answer: enjambment

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