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      Factors affecting the growth of cities

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can evaluate the factors that affect urbanisation.

      Key learning points

      1. Migration affects the rate of urbanisation.
      2. Economic change affects the rate of urbanisation.
      3. Natural increase affects the rate of urbanisation.

      Keywords

      • Natural increase - the birth rate minus the death rate in a population

      • Push factor - a disadvantage of living in an area that creates a desire to migrate

      • Pull factor - an advantage of living in an area that attracts people to migrate there

      • De-industrialisation - the loss of industry from an area

      Common misconception

      Migrants all have similar reasons for migrating.

      Migration is a deeply personal decision. Migrants will have many different, and sometimes contradictory, reasons for migrating.

      Teacher tip

      Allow students the opportunity to hear different migration stories first hand. This will substantiate the theory and avoid placing all migrants together in one context.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is the term for the movement of people from rural areas to cities?

      Correct answer: Urbanisation
      Suburbanisation
      Urban sprawl

      Q2.
      Which of the following factors contributes to the rapid growth of cities in developing countries?

      Correct answer: Job opportunities and better healthcare
      Better transportation systems in rural areas
      Increased agricultural production
      Lower birth rates in cities

      Q3.
      Which of the following is a key characteristic of global urban change?

      Decline in city populations worldwide
      Decrease in rural-to-urban migration
      Correct answer: Increase in the number and size of cities worldwide

      Q4.
      What defines a megacity?

      A city with a population of over 5 million
      Correct answer: A city with a population of over 10 million
      A city that is the capital of a country
      A city that experiences rapid population decline

      Q5.
      What is a key characteristic of NEEs?

      They have a high standard of living and advanced healthcare systems
      Correct answer: They are in the early stages of industrialisation and have growing economies
      They have stable, low populations

      Q6.
      Which of the following is an example of a HIC?

      South Africa
      Correct answer: Japan
      Haiti

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their definitions.

      Correct Answer:natural increase,the birth rate minus the death rate in a population

      the birth rate minus the death rate in a population

      Correct Answer:push factor,a disadvantage of living in an area that creates a desire to migrate

      a disadvantage of living in an area that creates a desire to migrate

      Correct Answer:pull factor,an advantage of living in an area, it attracts people to migrate there

      an advantage of living in an area, it attracts people to migrate there

      Correct Answer:de-industrialisation,the loss of industry from an area

      the loss of industry from an area

      Q2.
      It is important for geographers to remember that the reasons why people migrate are...

      Correct answer: often personal and individual.
      always the same.
      simple and easy to explain.

      Q3.
      Which of the following are examples of pull factors?

      Correct answer: higher standard of living somewhere else
      Correct answer: improved education and healthcare facilities elsewhere
      economic and social isolation
      catastrophic events such as natural disasters or wars

      Q4.
      LICs (developing countries) and NEEs (emerging countries) are seeing rapid in their cities.

      Correct Answer: industrialisation

      To help you plan your 10 geography lesson on: Factors affecting the growth of cities, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...