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      Changing economic sectors in urban and rural areas

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can compare the changes that have occurred in different economic sectors.

      Key learning points

      1. There has been a decline in the primary and secondary sectors in rural and urban areas.
      2. There has been a rise in the tertiary and quaternary sectors in rural and urban areas.
      3. This decline and growth has affected the economy and employment structures of particular areas of the UK.

      Keywords

      • Mechanisation - the development of machinery and technology in industries such that it reduces the need for human labour

      • Global shift - the movement of manufacturing industries from developed countries to emerging and developing countries

      • Science park - an area of land dedicated to businesses specialising in science and technology

      • Financial services - a tertiary sector industry that deals with banking, investments, pensions and insurance

      Common misconception

      All forms of primary and secondary industry have declined in all areas.

      While the general trend has been one of decline, some aspects of primary and secondary industries have become more successful such as organic farming.

      Teacher tip

      Students can use old maps to look at how farming and urban landscapes have changed over time and how these changes are indicators of economic sector decline or growth.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is an urban area?

      A small village
      Correct answer: A town or city with high population density
      A rural farmland
      An uninhabited area

      Q2.
      What is a rural area?

      A busy city
      A town with over 1 million people
      Correct answer: Countryside with low population density
      An area with only factories

      Q3.
      What is the most densely populated region in the UK?

      Scotland
      Correct answer: South-East England
      Northern Ireland
      Wales

      Q4.
      Which sector includes jobs in farming, fishing, and mining?

      Correct answer: Primary
      Secondary
      Tertiary
      Quaternary

      Q5.
      Which economic sector has grown the most in UK cities?

      Primary
      Secondary
      Correct answer: Tertiary
      Quaternary

      Q6.
      Why do some people move from cities to rural areas?

      To find better-paid jobs
      To be closer to shopping centres
      Correct answer: To escape pollution and enjoy a quieter life
      To experience more traffic

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      Which region in the UK has experienced deindustrialisation, leading to a shift from manufacturing to service-based industries?

      South-East England
      Correct answer: North-East England
      Wales
      Scotland

      Q2.
      The biggest change in primary industries has been the increased use of machinery and technology. This is known as .

      Correct Answer: mechanisation

      Q3.
      What is the quaternary sector focused on?

      Manufacturing goods
      Providing financial services
      Extracting natural resources
      Correct answer: Knowledge-based activities like research and IT

      Q4.
      Why have some primary and secondary industries remained successful despite overall decline?

      Correct answer: Growing demand for sustainable and high-quality products
      Lack of investment in new technology
      Decrease in global trade opportunities
      Reduced consumer interest in local industries

      To help you plan your 10 geography lesson on: Changing economic sectors in urban and rural areas, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...