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      Economic impacts of globalisation

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can assess how FDI and TNCs have affected the UK.

      Key learning points

      1. Globalisation has increased foreign direct investment in the UK.
      2. Free-trade policies have increased foreign direct investment in the UK.
      3. Privatisation has increased foreign direct investment in the UK.
      4. TNCs play a significant role in the UK economy.

      Keywords

      • FDI - foreign direct investment. Investment in a business that operates in another country

      • TNC - transnational corporation. A company that operates in more than one country

      • Globalisation - an increased connectedness between different countries that spreads money, ideas, goods and people

      • Free trade - trade between countries or economic regions where no tariffs (tax) exist on imported or exported goods

      • Privatisation - the takeover of state-run industries by private corporations

      Common misconception

      The UK should be cautious of FDI and TNCs.

      FDI and TNCs are crucial aspects of international business. Without FDI many businesses would not be able to operate.

      Teacher tip

      Students can look into the origin of an international brand they know well and see when and how it became a TNC.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is globalisation?

      The movement of people across borders
      Correct answer: The process of businesses operating globally
      The creation of a single national currency
      The increase in local industries

      Q2.
      Which of the following cities has the largest population in the UK?

      Manchester
      Birmingham
      Correct answer: London
      Liverpool

      Q3.
      Which of these regions in the UK has the lowest population density?

      South East England
      London
      West Midlands
      Correct answer: Scotland

      Q4.
      How has migration affected the population of the UK?

      Correct answer: Increased cultural diversity
      Decreased the population
      Led to rural depopulation
      Caused unemployment to rise

      Q5.
      What is the trend in population movement within the UK?

      People are moving from cities to rural areas.
      People are increasingly migrating to coastal towns.
      Rural areas are becoming more densely populated.
      Correct answer: There is a trend of urbanisation, with more people moving to cities.

      Q6.
      Which of these is a key economic sector driving growth in many UK cities?

      Correct answer: Financial services
      Manufacturing
      Fishing
      Agriculture

      5 Questions

      Q1.
      How has globalisation impacted manufacturing in the UK?

      Increased domestic manufacturing jobs
      Reduced outsourcing of jobs to other countries
      Correct answer: Many manufacturing jobs have moved abroad
      New industries were created in rural areas

      Q2.
      Which of the following is a positive economic effect of globalisation in the UK?

      Loss of local jobs
      Decline in international trade
      Correct answer: Increased foreign direct investment
      More regional economic disparities

      Q3.
      What does free trade mean?

      Trade controlled by government policies
      Trade only within the European Union
      Trade that only benefits one country
      Correct answer: Trade with no restrictions or tariffs

      Q4.
      Why should the UK embrace Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Transnational Corporations (TNCs)?

      TNCs only benefit developing countries, not the UK.
      FDI and TNCs are harmful to the UK’s economy.
      FDI is unnecessary as the UK has enough domestic capital.
      Correct answer: FDI and TNCs can provide essential investment and create jobs.

      Q5.
      What is one effect of privatisation on workers in a state-owned company?

      Higher wages and job security
      Correct answer: Lower job security and possible redundancies
      Increased pension benefits
      More government support

      To help you plan your 10 geography lesson on: Economic impacts of globalisation, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...