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      Compare lifestyles: present tense strong verbs 1st and 3rd person singular

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can recognise stem changes in strong verbs between the 1st and 3rd person singular forms, and I can understand short texts which contain familiar weak, irregular and strong verbs.

      Vocabulary and transcripts for this lessons

      Key learning points

      1. A strong verb changes its vowel in the verb stem of the 'sie', 'er', 'es' forms of the verb.
      2. There is no vowel change in the ‘ich’ form of strong verbs.
      3. Only verbs with a 'a' or 'e' in their verb stem can be strong.
      4. Verb stems with 'a' change to 'ä' and those with 'e' become 'i' or 'ie'.
      5. Use reference materials to learn which verbs are strong.

      Keywords

      • Strong verb - a verb which changes its vowel in the verb stem of some of its forms

      • Verb stem - part of the verb that appears in all forms, created by removing the ending of the infinitive

      Common misconception

      There are no rules to help you learn which verbs are strong and have a vowel change in their stem.

      Only verbs with an 'a' or 'e' in their stem can be strong.

      Teacher tip

      Task A2 could be completed as a paired, timed speaking activity using one worksheet and two coloured pencils.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the German and English.

      Correct Answer:Nacht (f),night

      night

      Correct Answer:Österreich (nt),Austria

      Austria

      Correct Answer:Platz (m),place, room

      place, room

      Correct Answer:Spiel (nt),game

      game

      Correct Answer:Stück (nt),piece

      piece

      Correct Answer:Zug (m),train

      train

      Q2.
      Which of the words below have a long vowel?

      Correct answer: wohnen
      Correct answer: reden
      Correct answer: grün
      Arzt (m)
      wünschen

      Q3.
      Match the beginnings and endings of each word or phrase

      Correct Answer:lieg,en

      en

      Correct Answer:mit,Freunden

      Freunden

      Correct Answer:im,Klassenzimmer

      Klassenzimmer

      Correct Answer:es,gibt

      gibt

      Correct Answer:mit deiner,Mutter

      Mutter

      Correct Answer:sehr,oft

      oft

      Q4.
      Fill in the gap in the following sentence with the correct form of 'liegen': 'Er zu Hause.'

      Correct Answer: liegt

      Q5.
      What is a weak verb?

      Correct answer: A weak verb has a regular pattern of changes when we apply verb endings.
      A weak verb has no regular pattern of changes when we apply verb endings.
      A weak verb is irregular in the present tense.

      Q6.
      Translate the following sentence into German: 'How many are there?'

      Correct Answer: Wie viele gibt es?

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of these words have a short vowel?

      Correct answer: denken
      geben
      Correct answer: finden
      wir
      Correct answer: Handy

      Q2.
      Match the German and English.

      Correct Answer:fahren,to drive, ride

      to drive, ride

      Correct Answer:helfen,to help, helping

      to help, helping

      Correct Answer:schlafen,to sleep, sleeping

      to sleep, sleeping

      Correct Answer:Zeitung (f),newspaper

      newspaper

      Correct Answer:Urlaub (m),holiday

      holiday

      Correct Answer:Geld (nt),money

      money

      Q3.
      Strong verbs change their vowel in the 3rd person singular. Which verbs can be strong?

      Verbs with a 'u' in their verb stem.
      Correct answer: Verbs with an 'a' in their verb stem.
      Correct answer: Verbs with an 'e' in their verb stem.
      Verbs with an 'i' in their verb stem.
      Verbs that do not have an 'e' or 'a' in their verb stem.

      Q4.
      Verb stems with a letter ' ' change to 'i' or 'ie'.

      Correct Answer: e

      Q5.
      Verb stems with an 'a' or 'au' ...

      change to ü.
      change to ö.
      Correct answer: change to ä.
      Correct answer: change to äu.
      do not change.

      Q6.
      Complete the following sentence using the correct form of 'sprechen': 'Er am Handy.'

      Correct Answer: spricht

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