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      Last summer: singular perfect tense with weak and some strong verbs

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can use the German perfect tense of weak and strong verbs with 'haben' to say what I, you and he or she did and to ask questions.

      Vocabulary and transcripts for this lessons

      Key learning points

      1. 'Welch-' is a determiner and question word which needs to agree with the noun it refers to.
      2. Past participles of weak and strong verbs with 'haben' are consolidated.
      3. The form of 'haben' changes when talking about different people but the past participle stays the same.
      4. For questions in the past tense, swap 'haben' and the subject. The past participle stays at the end of the sentence.

      Keywords

      • Weak verb - a verb whose past participle sandwiches the verb stem with 'ge' and '-t'; for example, 'gespielt'

      • Strong verb - a verb whose participle sandwiches the stem with 'ge' and 'en'; the stem vowel often changes

      • Perfect tense - the German past tense formed with the verb 'haben' and the past participle

      • Past participle - the form of a verb used in the perfect tense; for example, 'I have done'

      Common misconception

      Pupils often either forget 'haben' altogether in a sentence or question, or forget to change it when talking about different people.

      Use cards or physical gestures to demonstrate the elements of the sentence to reinforce the core structure, then vary these to demonstrate changing 'haben' to match the subject of the sentence, and to demonstrate change in word order in questions.

      Teacher tip

      Plentiful practice with short mini whiteboard exercises and games to change the verb and the person being talked about to build familiarity with structure and vocabulary.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match these English words to their German translations.

      Correct Answer:holidays,die Ferien

      die Ferien

      Correct Answer:holiday,der Urlaub

      der Urlaub

      Correct Answer:fun,der Spaß

      der Spaß

      Correct Answer:this,dieser, diese, dieses

      dieser, diese, dieses

      Correct Answer:last,letzter, letzte, letztes

      letzter, letzte, letztes

      Correct Answer:eaten, ate,gegessen

      gegessen

      Q2.
      Which of the following are past participles of strong verbs?

      Correct answer: geschrieben
      erlebt
      Correct answer: gesehen
      Correct answer: getroffen
      gekauft

      Q3.
      Put these time adverbials in the correct order, going from the most distant to the nearest past.

      1 - letztes Jahr
      2 - letzten Monat
      3 - letzte Woche
      4 - gestern

      Q4.
      What is the correct English translation of the following sentence? 'Letzte Woche hat er Deutschland besucht.'

      Correct answer: Last week he visited Germany.
      Last week I visited Germany.
      Last week I went to Germany.
      Last week he has visited Germany.

      Q5.
      Match these German words to the correct gender. Use the English clues to help you.

      Correct Answer:Dorf,das (small 'town')

      das (small 'town')

      Correct Answer:See,der (lake)

      der (lake)

      Correct Answer:Sommer,der (season)

      der (season)

      Correct Answer:Woche,die (period of time)

      die (period of time)

      Correct Answer:Schwimmbad,das (sports venue)

      das (sports venue)

      Correct Answer:Verein,der (club or society)

      der (club or society)

      Q6.
      Put the endings below in the correct order to complete the following time adverbials: 'Letzt__________ Wochenende, nächst__________ Montag, dies__________ Woche.'

      1 - -es
      2 - -en
      3 - -e

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of these perfect tense questions is correct?

      Correct answer: Hat er Tennis gespielt?
      Er hat Tennis gespielt?
      Hat er gespielt Tennis?
      Er hat gespielt Tennis?

      Q2.
      What does 'welch-' mean in English?

      Correct Answer: which, which?, 'Which?', which ?, 'which'

      Q3.
      Match the German question words to their English equivalents.

      Correct Answer:wie,how

      how

      Correct Answer:was,what

      what

      Correct Answer:wo,where

      where

      Correct Answer:wann,when

      when

      Correct Answer:welch-,which

      which

      Correct Answer:wer,who

      who

      Q4.
      What are the correct English translations of the following German question? 'Was hast du dieses Wochenende gemacht?'

      Correct answer: What did you do this weekend?
      Correct answer: What have you done this weekend?
      What will you do this weekend?
      What are you doing this weekend?

      Q5.
      Match these German sentences to the correct English sentence or question starter.

      Correct Answer:Wann hast du gegessen?,When have/did you ...

      When have/did you ...

      Correct Answer:Wie hat er gesungen?,How has/did he ...

      How has/did he ...

      Correct Answer:Ich habe Pizza gegessen. ,I have/(did) ...

      I have/(did) ...

      Correct Answer:Wo hat sie Freunde getroffen?,Where has/did she ...

      Where has/did she ...

      Correct Answer:Hast du Deutsch gesprochen?,Have/did you ...

      Have/did you ...

      Correct Answer:Er hat gestern gespielt.,He has/(did) ...

      He has/(did) ...

      Q6.
      Put the words below in the correct order to translate the following sentence into German: 'Which band did Mia see on Wednesday?' The first word in the sentence has not been capitalised.

      1 - welche
      2 - Band
      3 - hat
      4 - Mia
      5 - am
      6 - Mittwoch
      7 - gesehen

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