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      Aethelflaed's forgotten history

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain why Aetheflaed's story has often been forgotten and how in recent years historians have tried to retell it.

      Key learning points

      1. Despite fighting the Vikings and uniting the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, Aetheflaed's story has often been forgotten.
      2. One possible reason for this is because her brother Edward wanted to make sure that Mercia stayed loyal to him.
      3. Edward wanted Mercia to submit to him, and not stay loyal to his sister's memory.
      4. It is likely that Edward made sure that the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle mentioned a lot about him instead of Aethelflaed.
      5. Michael Wood is one historian who has tried to tell Aethelflaed's story because it is the story of England's beginning.

      Keywords

      • Loyal - to be loyal means to give or show firm and constant support to a person or place

      • Anglo-Saxon Chronicle - the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle is a historical document that contains a collection of annals

      • Annals - annals are a record of events year by year

      • Prejudice - prejudice is a preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience

      Common misconception

      Pupils may think that all leaders are recorded in history.

      Female leaders, like Aethelflaed, are often written out of history as there was prejudice towards women. Despite Aethelflaed's success and the respect she gained, she was likely erased from history so it did not undermine male leaders at the time.

      Teacher tip

      Explore the various depictions of Aethelflaed, including the modern statues erected in her memory.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour

      Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      The areas of Britain given to the Vikings were known as the...

      Vikinglaw
      Correct answer: Danelaw
      Vikingland
      Daneland

      Q2.
      Aethelflaed and Edward’s father was…

      King George
      King Wessex
      Correct answer: King Alfred
      King Charles

      Q3.
      Which battle was the first one that Aethelflaed and Edward fought together?

      Correct answer: Tettenhall
      Tamworth
      Leicester
      Hertford

      Q4.
      Edward was Aethelflaed’s….

      Correct Answer: brother, sibling

      Q5.
      What did Edward and Aethelflaed build to protect their towns?

      villages
      castles
      Correct answer: burhs
      weapons

      Q6.
      By the time of Aethelflaed’s death in 918 CE, which city remained as the only Viking stronghold?

      Mercia
      Correct answer: York
      Tettenhall

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keyword to the definition.

      Correct Answer:annals,a record of events year by year

      a record of events year by year

      Correct Answer:loyal, giving or showing firm and constant support to a person

      giving or showing firm and constant support to a person

      Correct Answer:prejudice,preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience

      preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience

      Q2.
      Historians are unsure when Aethelflaed was…

      Correct Answer: born, Born

      Q3.
      When Aethelflaed married Aethelred, they combined the strength of which two kingdoms?

      Correct answer: Wessex
      Northumbria
      Correct answer: Mercia
      Danelaw

      Q4.
      Aethelflaed ruled Mercia for eight years on her own after her husband's death.

      Correct answer: True
      False

      Q5.
      Aethelflaed’s story is barely mentioned in the...

      Viking Chronicle
      Wessex Chronicle
      Correct answer: Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
      Mercia Chronicle

      Q6.
      Female leaders like Aethelflaed have often been left out of written history as there was } towards women ruling.

      positivity
      Correct answer: prejudice
      loyalty

      To help you plan your 6 history lesson on: Aethelflaed's forgotten history, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...