Choose exam board for KS4 Computer Science (GCSE)
Choose exam board for KS4 English
Choose exam board for KS4 French
Choose exam board for KS4 Geography
Choose exam board for KS4 German
Choose exam board for KS4 History
Choose tier for KS4 Maths
Choose exam board for KS4 Music
Choose exam board for KS4 Physical education (GCSE)
Choose exam board for KS4 Religious education (GCSE)
Choose exam board for KS4 Spanish

      The extent to which communism changed Russia

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can assess the extent of difference between tsarist Russia and Soviet Russia.

      Key learning points

      1. In February 1917, tsarist rule in Russia came to an end and in October 1917, Communist Party rule began.
      2. Communist Party policies introduced by Stalin modernised agriculture and industry in the USSR.
      3. Russian tsars and the Communist Party both ruled Russia with absolute power.
      4. Communist Party rule significantly reduced wealth inequality but created new types of inequality in the USSR.

      Keywords

      • Wealth inequality - differences in how many valuable things people own, such as land or businesses, can be described as wealth inequality

      • Elites - members of the most powerful group in a society can be described as elites

      Common misconception

      Students assume that revolutions lead to complete change.

      Emphasise that there were significant changes in Russia after 1917 but similarities remained, such as the lack of freedom for opposition.

      Teacher tip

      Students may be more confident in the final task if they verbally practice making counter-arguments first. Students could be paired together and given a list of claims (i.e. the Soviet economy was completely transformed) and asked to make counters.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

      Loading...

      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match up each keyword with its correct definition.

      Correct Answer:collectivisation,Soviet policy of grouping together and modernising farms
      Correct Answer:industrialisation,process of building up a country's manufacturing abilities
      Correct Answer:revolution,a period of sudden and significant change in a society

      Q2.
      Write the missing word. Karl Marx was responsible for developing the set of political ideas known as ...

      Correct Answer: communism, Communism

      Q3.
      Write the missing word. In 1922, the Communist Party renamed Russia the Union.

      Correct Answer: Soviet, soviet

      Q4.
      Who led the USSR after 1924?

      Lenin
      Provisional Government
      Correct answer: Stalin
      Tsar Nicholas II

      Q5.
      Which example best demonstrates the lack of modernisation in Russian agriculture by 1927?

      majority of the population lived in rural areas
      Correct answer: relatively few tractors were used for farming
      many factories were staffed by unskilled workers

      Q6.
      Starting with the earliest, sort the following events into chronological order.

      1 - Russia ruled by Tsar Nicholas II
      2 - February Revolution
      3 - Russia led by the Provisional Government
      4 - October Revolution
      5 - Russia led by Lenin's Bolshevik Party

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Write the missing keyword. Members of the most powerful group in a society can be described as ...

      Correct Answer: elites, Elites

      Q2.
      Match up each of the social groups in Tsarist Russia with its correct description.

      Correct Answer:aristocracy,counted for just 1% of the population but owned 25% of land
      Correct Answer:middle classes,included wealthy bankers, traders and factory owners
      Correct Answer:industrial workers,made up just 3% of the population and many lived in poverty
      Correct Answer:peasants,made up the majority of the population but lived hard lives

      Q3.
      What name was used to describe Stalin's use of the secret police to remove potential opponents?

      collectivisation
      Red Terror
      Correct answer: the purges

      Q4.
      Which two statements are accurate?

      collectivistion aimed to improve Soviet industry
      Correct answer: collectivisation increased the amount of grain secured by the Soviet state
      collectivisation was popular with peasants
      collectivisation decreased the amount of tractors available for farming
      Correct answer: collectivisation led to a famine which killed millions

      Q5.
      Identify the valid similarity between Tsarist Russia and Soviet Russia by 1939.

      Russia's industry was much smaller than that of the leading European powers
      there was significant wealth inequality between different social groups
      Correct answer: the secret police were used to remove political opposition
      leaders of the government believed in Karl Marx's Communist theories

      Q6.
      Starting with the earliest, sort the following events into chronological order.

      1 - Bolsheviks seize power
      2 - Reds win the Russian Civil War
      3 - Lenin dies
      4 - Stalin begins collectivisation and the Five Year Plans
      5 - the purges take place

      To help you plan your 9 history lesson on: The extent to which communism changed Russia, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...