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      Human responsibility and accountability

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain what Muslim beliefs are about human responsibility and accountability, their importance and influence on a Muslim’s life.

      Key learning points

      1. Muslims believe that all humans will be held accountable for the actions they have done whilst on earth.
      2. Humans are responsible for these actions because of free will and freely chose those actions.
      3. Humans will be judged on these actions on Judgement Day.

      Keywords

      • Accountability - when people have to accept responsibility for their actions

      • Free will - being able to choose between different actions

      • Judgement Day - when all humans will be judged on their actions in life and sent on to the afterlife

      • Responsibility - free will makes humans accountable for their deeds

      Common misconception

      Islam has a belief in original sin, that humans are born with the stain of a tendency to sin due to the actions of Adam and Eve.

      Each person is blamed for their own sins, not for the sins of any other person, past or present.

      Teacher tip

      Students can create a mindmap with all the different areas of learning connected to beliefs about life after death in Islam and include: the Last Day, resurrection, judgement, predestination, heaven, hell and human accountability and responsibility.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What are angels made of according to Islamic belief?

      fire
      Correct answer: light
      clay
      water

      Q2.
      What is the Arabic term for the belief in angels?

      Akhirah
      Mi’ad
      Correct answer: Malaikah
      Israfil

      Q3.
      What will the Angel Israfil do on the Last Day?

      record human deeds
      reveal the Qur’an
      Correct answer: sound the trumpet to signal resurrection
      weigh deeds on the scales of judgement

      Q4.
      What is predestination in Islam?

      Correct answer: The belief that Allah has pre-ordained everything that happens.
      The belief that humans have no responsibility for their actions.
      The idea that angels influence human choices.
      A belief that there is no free will in Islam.

      Q5.
      Which of the following is true about Islamic beliefs on resurrection?

      only the soul is resurrected, not the body
      only sinners will be resurrected for judgement
      Correct answer: both the body and soul will be resurrected for judgement
      the Qur’an does not mention resurrection

      Q6.
      The angel revealed the Qur’an to the Prophet Muhammad.

      Correct Answer: jibril, Jibril

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the terms with their correct definitions.

      Correct Answer:accountability,people being responsible for their actions
      Correct Answer:free will,the ability to choose between different actions
      Correct Answer:Judgement Day,when humans are judged on their actions in the afterlife
      Correct Answer:responsibility,free will makes humans accountable for their deeds

      Q2.
      What does Islam teach about free will?

      humans are forced to act in a certain way
      humans do not have free will, only Allah makes choices
      humans are born sinful and have to redeem themselves
      Correct answer: humans have free will and will be judged for their choices

      Q3.
      According to Islam, why will humans be judged on Judgement Day?

      because they inherited sin from Adam and Eve
      Correct answer: because Allah is testing them based on their free will choices
      because everyone must go to either Heaven or Hell randomly
      because Allah already knows what people will do, so they are punished

      Q4.
      Which Qur’anic verse supports the idea that people are judged based on their own deeds?

      “Before I formed you in the womb, I knew you.”
      Correct answer: “And no bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another.”
      “Love your neighbour as yourself.”
      “The Lord is my shepherd."

      Q5.
      Islam teaches that life is a , where humans choose their actions and will be judged for them.

      Correct Answer: test, Test

      Q6.
      On Judgement Day, each person will receive their of deeds, which records all their actions.

      Correct Answer: book, Book

      To help you plan your 10 religious education lesson on: Human responsibility and accountability, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...