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      Roles within food chains

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can create food chains and talk about different roles played by plants and animals.

      Key learning points

      1. A food chain is used to show the order in which living things depend on each other for food.
      2. Each plant and animal has an important part, or role, to play in a food chain.
      3. Observations, books, the internet and experts provide information about what animals eat.

      Keywords

      • Animals - An animal is a living thing which moves and eats other animals or plants.

      • Plants - A plant is a living thing that often has roots, stem and leaves.

      • Food chain - Animals eat plants or other animals. The way this happens is shown in a food chain.

      • Role - The part played by a person or thing in a particular situation.

      • Research - To research something is to find out about it, or investigate it carefully.

      Common misconception

      Food chains put living things in order of importance.

      Explanation of interdependence of each living thing within a food chain.

      Teacher tip

      Children do not always know what different animals eat. Provide opportunities for them to research for themselves and discuss why different animals may or may not be suitable in each food chain.

      Equipment

      Access to appropriate secondary sources such as books, the internet, and experts to ask.

      Content guidance

      Risk assessment required - equipment

      Supervision

      Adult supervision required

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      A food chain always starts with a ...

      Correct Answer: plant, plant.

      Q2.
      Manatees eat plants on the seabed around them. This is known as ...

      food provided by humans
      Correct answer: grazing
      hunting

      Q3.
      True or false. Animals can survive without food.

      Correct Answer: false, false.

      Q4.
      In this food chain the greenfly is food for the ...

      An image in a quiz
      cabbage
      greenfly
      Correct answer: ladybird
      arrow

      Q5.
      Put this food chain in the correct order.

      1 - acorn
      2 - squirrel
      3 - fox

      Q6.
      Put this food chain in the correct order.

      1 - nettles
      2 - caterpillar
      3 - blackbird
      4 - fox

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Put this food chain in order.

      1 - lettuce
      2 - rabbit
      3 - fox

      Q2.
      Food chains are made up of plants and ...

      Correct Answer: animals, animals.

      Q3.
      Izzy is making a food chain and wants to research what lions eat. What could she use to help her?

      scissors
      Correct answer: a book about animals
      a magnet

      Q4.
      A food chain is used to show

      Correct answer: the order that living things depend on each other for food.
      the order of the sizes of living things.
      the order of the strength of living things.

      Q5.
      Plants and animals play in an important role in food chains. What is a role?

      A role means the order of plants and animals in a food chain.
      A role means the size of the animals in the food chain.
      Correct answer: A role means the part that the plant or animal plays in the food chain.

      Q6.
      Look at this food chain. What could happen if there were not enough cabbages for the greenfly to eat?

      An image in a quiz
      Correct answer: Some of the greenfly would die and some of the ladybirds would die.
      Some of the greenfly would die but all of the ladybirds would survive.
      All of the greenfly and the ladybirds would survive.

      To help you plan your 2 science lesson on: Roles within food chains, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...