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      Micro-organisms living on food: plan and do (non-statutory)

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can predict what happens when food is left to decompose over time.

      Key learning points

      1. Mould is a micro-organism. It is a type of fungus and can be grouped with other fungi including yeast and mushrooms.
      2. Mould is common in moist materials and food, such as fruit, bread, cheese and meat.
      3. Mould needs moisture, warmth and nutrients to grow well.
      4. Mould can be observed growing on food over time, following strict safety rules.
      5. Scientists make predictions about what will happen based on the evidence they already have.

      Keywords

      • Mould - Mould is a type of fungi which grows and forms a fuzzy coating on organic matter.

      • Micro-organism - A micro-organism is a very tiny living thing.

      • Fungi - Fungi are organisms that include moulds, mushrooms, and yeasts. They feed on organic matter, usually from dead things.

      • Nutrients - Nutrients are important substances that living things use to stay alive and healthy.

      • Moist - Something that is moist is damp or a little wet.

      Common misconception

      Pupils may think that mould is a type of plant because of its colour or the way it grows.

      Explain that plants make their own food using photosynthesis and mould does not, so it cannot be a plant. Instead, it gets its nutrients from the organic matter that it is growing on. Also, unlike plants, mould does not need light to survive or grow.

      Teacher tip

      Taking a photograph of some moulding food from the same angle every day or setting up a time lapse camera will create a clear series of images showing how the mould grows over time. They could even be turned into a gif using free online software. This lesson links to Lesson 11 in this unit.

      Equipment

      See additional materials.

      Content guidance

      Risk assessment required - equipment

      Supervision

      Adult supervision required

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Plants, animals and micro-organisms are all groups of things.

      Correct Answer: living, alive, live

      Q2.
      Match the types of living thing to the correct group.

      Correct Answer:fish, mammals, birds,vertebrates

      vertebrates

      Correct Answer:insects, crustaceans, molluscs,invertebrates

      invertebrates

      Correct Answer:bacteria, viruses, fungi,micro-organisms

      micro-organisms

      Q3.
      If something is moist then it is quite ...

      dry.
      Correct answer: wet.
      old.
      new.

      Q4.
      Why do scientists follow safety rules when carrying out enquiries?

      to make sure their results are reliable
      to make sure they have controlled all the variables
      to make sure everyone knows what they need to do
      Correct answer: to make sure no one is harmed during the enquiry

      Q5.
      We can use a piece of equipment called a for observing micro-organisms.

      Correct Answer: microscope

      Q6.
      What is organic matter?

      Correct answer: things that are or have come from living things
      things that have been made without using chemicals
      things that live in certain environments

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of these does mould need to grow well?

      Correct answer: moisture
      darkness
      Correct answer: nutrients
      Correct answer: warmth
      sunlight

      Q2.
      On which type of foods does mould commonly grow the quickest?

      sugary foods like chocolate, ice cream and fizzy drinks
      sour foods like lemon and vinegar
      dry foods like crackers and biscuits
      Correct answer: moist foods like fruit, bread and cheese

      Q3.
      What type of micro-organism is mould?

      bacteia
      virus
      Correct answer: fungus

      Q4.
      Scientists make a when they use what they already know to say what they think will happen in an enquiry.

      Correct Answer: prediction, predict, hypothesis

      Q5.
      Why do scientists need to follow strict safety rules when observing mould growing on food?

      because all scientific enquiries are very dangerous
      Correct answer: because mould can be harmful to other living things
      because mould is a micro-organism
      because equipment needs to be used carefully so it is not broken

      Q6.
      On which of these objects would mould not be able to grow?

      woollen jumper
      wooden toy
      Correct answer: metal food tin
      potato peels

      To help you plan your 6 science lesson on: Micro-organisms living on food: plan and do (non-statutory), download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...