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      What people are like: 'ser' and 'estar' in 3rd person plural

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can use the 3rd person plural of 'ser' and 'estar' to talk about what people are like and how they are feeling today.

      Vocabulary and transcripts for this lessons

      Key learning points

      1. The sound symbol correspondence [ce] is pronounced as in 'cerca'.
      2. The sound symbol correspondence [ci] is pronounced as in 'cierto'.
      3. The verb 'ser' means 'to be, being' and is used for permanent traits. 'Son' means 'they are'.
      4. The verb 'estar' means 'to be, being' and is used for temporary states. 'Están' means 'they are'.
      5. In Spanish, adjectives must always agree in gender and number with the nouns they refer to.

      Keywords

      • Son - part of the verb 'ser' meaning they are and used to talk about permanent traits

      • Están - part of the verb 'estar' meaning they are and used to talk about temporary states

      Common misconception

      To say 'they are' it does not matter which verb 'to be' we use.

      In Spanish there are two verbs 'to be'; we say 'son' (they are) to describe permanent traits, and 'están' (they are) to describe temporary states.

      Teacher tip

      The teacher might choose to do the speaking task B4 as a written activity to conolidate spelling of the new vocabulary and both verbs 'to be'.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the English to the Spanish.

      Correct Answer:bored, boring,aburrido
      Correct Answer:claro,light
      Correct Answer:feliz,happy
      Correct Answer:loco,crazy
      Correct Answer:moreno,tanned; dark-skinned, dark-haired
      Correct Answer:oscuro,dark

      Q2.
      Translate into Spanish: ¿Puedo ir al baño?

      Can I use the pen?
      Can I ask a question?
      Correct answer: Can I go to the toilet?
      Can I ask a favour?
      Can I have the answer?

      Q3.
      Choose the adjectives which could finish this sentence: Aisha es bastante .

      activo
      Correct answer: fuerte
      Correct answer: activa
      hermoso
      Correct answer: hermosa

      Q4.
      Choose the adjectives which could finish this sentence: Los compañeros están .

      aburridas
      Correct answer: locos
      Correct answer: fuertes
      Correct answer: felices
      rojas

      Q5.
      Translate into Spanish: We (mix of boys and girls) are tanned.

      Correct Answer: Estamos morenos.

      Q6.
      Translate into Spanish: We (girls) are active (in general).

      Correct Answer: Somos activas.

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the English to the Spanish.

      Correct Answer:cousin (f),la prima
      Correct Answer:cousin (m),el primo
      Correct Answer:dog,el perro
      Correct Answer:grandpa,el abuelo
      Correct Answer:grandma,la abuela
      Correct Answer:cousins (mixed f and m),los primos

      Q2.
      Choose the correct adjective to complete this sentence: ¡El abuelo está !

      loca
      locas
      locos
      Correct answer: loco

      Q3.
      'The cousins are bored now.' Write the correct adjective: 'Los primos están ahora.'

      Correct Answer: aburridos

      Q4.
      Match the Spanish permanent trait verb 'to be' with its English meaning.

      Correct Answer:soy,I am (in general)
      Correct Answer:eres,you are (in general)
      Correct Answer:es,she, he, it is (in general)
      Correct Answer:somos,we are (in general)
      Correct Answer:son,they are (in general)
      Correct Answer:ser,to be, being (in general)

      Q5.
      Match the Spanish temporary state verb 'to be' with its English meaning.

      Correct Answer:estoy,I am (now)
      Correct Answer:estás,you are (now)
      Correct Answer:está,she, he, it is (now)
      Correct Answer:estamos,we are (now)
      Correct Answer:están,they are (now)
      Correct Answer:estar,to be, being (now)

      Q6.
      Which sentence means 'they are tanned'?

      Correct answer: Están morenos.
      Son morenos.

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