New
New
Year 11

What is the role of international law in international disagreements?

I can explain the role of international law and how it is applied to international conflicts.

New
New
Year 11

What is the role of international law in international disagreements?

I can explain the role of international law and how it is applied to international conflicts.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. International humanitarian law balances universal rules with diverse cultural challenges to protect people in conflicts.
  2. The Geneva Conventions set universal rules for protecting civilians and prisoners during armed conflict.
  3. The ICC enforces humanitarian law by investigating and punishing individuals for serious crimes like war crimes.
  4. Some countries don’t join international courts, but global pressure encourages them to follow international law.

Keywords

  • Humanitarian law - international laws which govern how we must treat other humans

  • International Criminal Court - a permanent international court established to investigate, prosecute and try individuals accused of the most serious crimes against humanity

Common misconception

All countries are in the International Criminal Court and therefore it is effective at enforcing humanitarian laws.

Not all nations are part of the ICC, for example, the USA and Russia are not. The ICC attempts to enforce humanitarian laws anyway and members can bring cases against non-members.


To help you plan your year 11 citizenship lesson on: What is the role of international law in international disagreements?, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

Due to the sensitive and ongoing nature of the case studies used in this lesson, check for the latest facts and updates before teaching to ensure accuracy and neutrality.
Teacher tip

Equipment

Content guidance

  • Depiction or discussion of sensitive content
  • Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

Supervision

Adult supervision recommended

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
Which international agency is made up of the Security Council and General Assembly?
Correct Answer: The United Nations, United Nations, UN, The UN
Q2.
Which conflict began in 2022?
Correct answer: Russian-Ukrainian conflict
NATO-Russian conflict
Arab-Israel conflict
US-Russian conflict
Q3.
Which international military alliance has the agreement that if one member is attacked, then all will come to their defence?
Correct Answer: NATO
Q4.
Which of these is an NGO?
Correct answer: Save the Children
NATO
Department of Transport
Home Office
Q5.
Which of these organisations focuses on health?
Save the Children
UNICEF
Correct answer: WHO
Oxfam
Q6.
Match the word to its definition.
Correct Answer:social justice,when everyone has equal rights/opportunities/access to resources

when everyone has equal rights/opportunities/access to resources

Correct Answer:humanitarian aid,help/support during emergencies e.g., natural disasters or conflicts

help/support during emergencies e.g., natural disasters or conflicts

Correct Answer:conflict,disagreement between people/groups/countries, often involving violence

disagreement between people/groups/countries, often involving violence

Assessment exit quiz

Download quiz pdf

6 Questions

Q1.
Match the word to its definition.
Correct Answer:humanitarian law,international laws which govern how we must treat other humans

international laws which govern how we must treat other humans

Correct Answer:International Criminal Court (ICC),prosecutes individuals accused of the most serious crimes

prosecutes individuals accused of the most serious crimes

Correct Answer:human rights,basic rights and freedoms that all people are entitled to

basic rights and freedoms that all people are entitled to

Q2.
International humanitarian law aims to protect civilians, the sick, wounded and which other group?
Correct Answer: prisoners of war, POWs
Q3.
Which conventions are the cornerstone of international humanitarian law?
Paris
Rome
Berlin
Hague
Correct answer: Geneva
Q4.
How many countries agreed to the Geneva Conventions?
100
110
129
157
Correct answer: 196
Q5.
The Statute of Rome established which organisation?
Correct Answer: International Criminal Court, ICC, The ICC
Q6.
The ICC currently has less members than the number that agreed to the Geneva Conventions. How many members are there?
110
120
Correct answer: 125
130
140