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      Beowulf begins his quest

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can outline the key events and characters in the first two chapters of ‘Beowulf’ and I can explain the impression given by particular language choices made by the author.

      Key learning points

      1. 'Beowulf' is an epic poem set in Denmark and Sweden during the 500s CE and written in England in around 1000 CE.
      2. The story follows the heroic deeds of the warrior Beowulf. It was written in Old English by an unknown author.
      3. In translation, the text still includes archaic language due to its historical context.
      4. Beowulf, a Geat, volunteers to travel to Denmark to defeat Grendel, a monster who has been terrorising the Danes.
      5. The author makes specific language choices in order to give us particular impressions of characters and events.

      Keywords

      • Epic poem - a long, narrative poem telling the story of an extraordinary individual

      • Hero - a protagonist (main character) with noble qualities, often saving or helping others

      • Archaic language - old-fashioned language that is no longer widely used today

      • Historical context - the time period in which a text is set

      Common misconception

      Pupils may find it challenging to understand archaic language.

      Use your teacher assessments to inform how you have pupils read; you may wish to have the majority of the class reading in mixed-ability pairs while you read to a small group, having them say the next word when you pause to ensure engagement.

      Teacher tip

      A pronunciation guide for the characters in 'Beowulf' can be found at the back of the book or online. You may wish to display a version of this in the classroom and familiarise pupils with the names through repetition. Animated versions of the text are also available online to support comprehension.

      Equipment

      You need a copy of the 2013 Oxford Children’s Classics edition of ‘Beowulf’ written by Kevin Crossley-Holland and illustrated by Charles Keeping for this lesson.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of the following countries are in Scandinavia?

      Spain
      Correct answer: Denmark
      Correct answer: Sweden
      the UK

      Q2.
      Which of the following events happened after the Romans left Britain?

      Correct answer: the Anglo-Saxons occupied parts of England
      Correct answer: the Vikings occupied parts of England
      the Celts built hill forts
      Neolithic people built Stonehenge

      Q3.
      Which of these is the best definition of a 'hero'?

      someone who loves to fight
      Correct answer: someone who has good qualities and helps and saves others
      someone who is very famous
      someone who lives in a castle

      Q4.
      In a story about a hero, which of these are we most likely to find?

      Correct answer: fighting
      Correct answer: loyalty
      romance
      Correct answer: courage
      humour

      Q5.
      What might the role of a monster be in a story involving a hero?

      to help the hero
      Correct answer: to cause trouble or danger for the hero
      to make everyone laugh
      to solve a mystery

      Q6.
      If a story is set in the 500s CE, which of the following will we not find in it?

      shields
      swords
      Correct answer: guns
      spears
      boats

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the characters to their descriptions.

      Correct Answer:Beowulf,a hero from Geatland
      Correct Answer:Hygelac,the king of Geatland
      Correct Answer:Hrothgar,the king of Denmark
      Correct Answer:Grendel,the monster terrorising Denmark

      Q2.
      Why does Beowulf have a good impression of King Hrothgar?

      He has met him before.
      Correct answer: Hrothgar helped his father.
      Hrothgar saved his mother's life.
      They are related.

      Q3.
      Which of these are features of an epic poem?

      Correct answer: it is long
      Correct answer: it tells a story
      Correct answer: it includes a hero
      it is short
      it just describes something

      Q4.
      Where and when was 'Beowulf' originally written, and in which language?

      Correct answer: in England, in 1000 CE, in Old English
      in Denmark, in 1000 CE, in Old English
      in Denmark, in 1000 CE, in Modern English
      in England, in 1000 CE, in Modern English

      Q5.
      Where does Beowulf travel from and to at the start of 'Beowulf'?

      from Denmark to Geatland
      from Denmark to England
      from England to Denmark
      Correct answer: from Geatland to Denmark

      Q6.
      Which of the following are true of Grendel?

      Correct answer: He has killed Danish men, women and children.
      Correct answer: He once killed thirty thanes in one night.
      Correct answer: No-one has been able to do anything to stop him.
      People are safe from him when they're in Heorot.

      To help you plan your 6 English lesson on: Beowulf begins his quest, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...