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      Writing the first half of a biography about Darwin and his theory of evolution

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can write the first half of a biography, using a range of language features.

      Key learning points

      1. In a biography, we write using a formal tone in the third person; our writing is mostly, but not all, in the past tense.
      2. We use a range of cohesive devices to connect ideas together.
      3. We orally rehearse our sentences before we write.
      4. We use our notes from our plan to help us write (including the subject-specific vocabulary we planned to use).
      5. We give a title for the biography as a whole and subheadings for each paragraph. Each paragraph is indented.

      Keywords

      • Formal tone - the effect created by choosing serious, factual language

      • Cohesive devices - language structures that develop text cohesion

      • Subject-specific vocabulary - vocabulary we use when writing about a particular subject

      Common misconception

      Pupils may struggle to connect ideas together using cohesive devices.

      Provide plenty of time for oral rehearsal using the bank of cohesive devices and model selecting different options for connecting ideas together.

      Teacher tip

      A slide is left intentionally lined for you to complete shared writing of the first paragraph; you may also wish to do this for the second paragraph, depending on your assessment of pupils' confidence. An example of the shared writing can be found in the lesson video.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Put the events shown in the text map in the correct order.

      An image in a quiz
      1 - Darwin was sent to Edinburgh to study medicine, but he didn't enjoy it.
      2 - He was sent to Cambridge to study to be a vicar.
      3 - Here, he spent a lot of time collecting insects (his favourite hobby).
      4 - In 1831, he joined the voyage of HMS Beagle.
      5 - The Beagle spent five years circumnavigating the globe.

      Q2.
      Match the sections of our Darwin biography to appropriate subheadings we could use for them.

      Correct Answer:early life,a privileged childhood
      Correct Answer:university and the Beagle,an incredible voyage
      Correct Answer:the Galapagos,an amazing archipelago
      Correct Answer:Darwin's theory,a groundbreaking discovery

      Q3.
      Which of the following is an appropriate note for the paragraph about Darwin's early life?

      Darwin was born in 1809 into a wealthy family.
      Darwin noticed that the birds had different-shaped beaks.
      different-shaped beaks
      Correct answer: 1809 - wealthy family

      Q4.
      Match the subject-specific vocabulary words to their meanings.

      Correct Answer:specimens,samples of animals or plants
      Correct Answer:observations,things a scientist notices
      Correct Answer:academic studies,what you study at university
      Correct Answer:archipelago,a group of islands

      Q5.
      Match the subject-specific vocabulary words to their meanings.

      Correct Answer:contribution,what a person does that is significant or important
      Correct Answer:endemic species,a species found only in that particular place
      Correct Answer:theory,a set of ideas to explain why something happens
      Correct Answer:circumnavigate,go all the way around

      Q6.
      Which of the following are cohesive devices?

      Correct answer: semi-colon
      Correct answer: parenthesis
      Correct answer: fronted adverbials
      full stops

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of the following language features will we find in a biography?

      Correct answer: formal tone
      informal tone
      Correct answer: third person
      first person

      Q2.
      Which of these will form part of the structure of our biography of Darwin?

      Correct answer: title
      introduction and conclusion
      Correct answer: subheadings
      Correct answer: paragraphs organised around a theme

      Q3.
      Which cohesive devices are used in this sentence? 'Although Darwin disliked his academic studies, he enjoyed spending time collecting insects (his favourite hobby).'

      colon
      compound sentence
      Correct answer: complex sentence
      Correct answer: parenthesis

      Q4.
      Which cohesive devices are used in this sentence? 'Darwin was sent to Edinburgh to study medicine; however, he did not enjoy the subject.'

      Correct answer: formal fronted adverbial
      colon
      Correct answer: semi-colon
      fronted adverbial of time

      Q5.
      Which subordinating conjunctions could work in the gap in this sentence? ' Darwin had finished university, he joined the voyage of the Beagle.'

      Correct answer: When
      So that
      Correct answer: After
      Although

      Q6.
      Which fronted adverbial could be used as a cohesive device in the gap this sentence? 'Darwin was born into a wealthy family; , he did not always have an easy childhood.'

      in addition
      due to this
      as a result
      Correct answer: however

      To help you plan your 6 English lesson on: Writing the first half of a biography about Darwin and his theory of evolution, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...