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      Essay writing: using context in responses to ‘Small Island’

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can understand how context is used in a written response.

      Key learning points

      1. Context can refer to key concepts, such as colourism or colonial attitudes, which inform our understanding of the text.
      2. Context refers to historical, social, literary and biographical information.
      3. Context should not be presented as isolated facts.
      4. Context should be relevant to the analysis and woven in the response.
      5. Context should develop your ideas and give an insight into the writer’s purpose and intention.

      Keywords

      • Colonialism - The control by one country over another. At various points the British Empire controlled 56 countries.

      • Windrush generation - The people who emigrated on the HMT Windrush between 1948 and 1971.

      • Stage adaptation - Where a text, for example a novel or a film, is made into a theatrical production for the stage.

      • Diaspora - The spread of people from their original homeland.

      • Weave - In relation to context, when you embed into paragraphs rather than including as isolated facts.

      Common misconception

      That context refers just to historical facts.

      Think about the 'big ideas' in the text and what has influenced and informed these. This all comes under the umbrella of context.

      Teacher tip

      If it has not been explored in depth already, Andrea Levy's essay "Back to My Own Country" provides excellent contextual information and exploration of her intentions when writing.

      Equipment

      You will need access to a copy of the play 'Small Island' written by Andrea Levy and adapted for the stage by Helen Edmundson

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour

      Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Between which years is the play 'Small Island' set?

      Correct answer: 1939 & 1948
      1914 & 1921
      1959 & 1969
      2009 & 2019

      Q2.
      What year was the novel 'Small Island' first adapted for stage and performed?

      2018
      Correct answer: 2019
      2017
      2012
      2015

      Q3.
      What is the definition of colourism?

      The belief in the superiority of certain races over others.
      Correct answer: Discrimination based on skin colour, favoring lighter skin over darker skin.
      The division of society based on wealth and education.
      The exclusion of individuals from a group or society.

      Q4.
      In 'Small Island', what connotations does the description "golden life" carry in the context of Little Hortense and colourism?

      It emphasises the idea of darkness and obscurity.
      Correct answer: It reinforces the colonial ideals of privilege associated with lighter skin.
      It represents the concept of gender hierarchy.
      It highlights the importance of education in societal hierarchies.

      Q5.
      Starting with the first, put these plot points from Act 1 Scene 1 in 'Small Island' in chronological order.

      1 - Hortense hurries to prepare the classroom. Mrs Ryder is standing by the door.
      2 - Hortense begins to tell the story of her childhood.
      3 - Michael returns from school a grown man.
      4 - The hurricane intensifies and Hortense reveals it is Michael she is waiting for.
      5 - Michael rushes into the schoolhouse to Mrs Ryder .
      6 - Hortense witnesses Mrs Ryder and Michael kissing.
      7 - Hortense runs out into the hurricane and reveals what she has seen.

      Q6.
      In 'Small Island' which character says: "There is a whole world out there where real things are happening and people are really living their lives."

      Queenie
      Hortense
      Correct answer: Michael
      Bernard
      Mrs Ryder

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is the term used to describe the spread of people from their original homeland?

      Exile
      Correct answer: Diaspora
      Colonisation
      Nomadic

      Q2.
      What is the term for the control by one country over another?

      Independence
      Diaspora
      Correct answer: Colonialism
      Globalism

      Q3.
      'Small Island' is a stage adaption of a novel by Andrea Levy. What type of context is this?

      Biographical
      Correct answer: Literary
      Social
      Historical

      Q4.
      Andrea Levy, author of the novel 'Small Island', was a second generation migrant to Jamaican parents. What type of context is this?

      Literary
      Correct answer: Biographical
      Social
      Historical

      Q5.
      In which year was 'Small Island' first performed on stage and what is the significance of this date?

      2008 alongside the British Banking crisis
      1962 when Jamaica gained its independence
      Correct answer: 2019 amidst the Windrush Scandal
      2003 with the start of the Iraq War

      Q6.
      In every literature essay, you should include context. Match the type of context to its definition.

      Correct Answer:Historical,What was happening when the text was written?

      What was happening when the text was written?

      Correct Answer:Biographical ,What are the life experiences of the author?

      What are the life experiences of the author?

      Correct Answer:Social,What were the shared values and ideas of the time period?

      What were the shared values and ideas of the time period?

      Correct Answer:Literary,What influenced the text's style or genre?

      What influenced the text's style or genre?


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