New
New
Year 6

Changing rulers in the 11th century

I can explain how England came to be ruled by Vikings as well as Anglo-Saxons in the 11th century.

New
New
Year 6

Changing rulers in the 11th century

I can explain how England came to be ruled by Vikings as well as Anglo-Saxons in the 11th century.

Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Athelstan’s reign did not see the end of the Vikings in England, with continued raids and uprisings in Northumbria.
  2. In 1013, Sweyn Forkbeard captured the whole of England before dying.
  3. This left his son Canute to successfully contest the throne of England with an Anglo-Saxon, Edmund Ironside.
  4. Canute became King of England, Norway and Denmark, creating a huge North Sea empire which English trade benefited from.
  5. His son Harthacnut succeeded him in 1035 and ruled for seven years until an Anglo-Saxon, Edward, took the throne.

Keywords

  • Reign - to reign means to rule as a monarch and be the King or Queen

  • Tribute - tribute was payment made often by one ruler to another

  • Contest - to contest something, you fight for a position of power

Common misconception

Pupils may think Ethelred's reign was completely unsuccessful.

Although Ethelred made some poor decisions during his reign, evidence from his charters and coins suggest that Ethelred’s government was more effective than was once believed.

Have images of each of the kings that ruled in the 11th century so pupils can order them chronologically and track whether the king was Anglo-Saxon or Viking.
Teacher tip

Content guidance

  • Depiction or discussion of sensitive content
  • Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

Supervision

Adult supervision recommended

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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6 Questions

Q1.
Athelstan was made King of Mercia and Wessex in ...
Correct answer: 925 CE
930 CE
939 CE
Q2.
When Athelstan captured the last Viking stronghold of York, he minted coins with what written on them?
Correct Answer: King of the English, King of the english
Q3.
Why do some historians call Athelstan the first king of England?
Correct Answer: He united all the kingdoms.
Q4.
Order these events chronologically
1 - Athelstan captured the Viking stronghold of York.
2 - Athelstan defeated King Constantine and the Danes at the battle of Brunanburh.
3 - The Welsh kings submitted to Athelstan's overlordship.
4 - Athelstan united all of the kingdoms and became King of England.
Q5.
How did Athelstan create 'England'?
Correct answer: He conquered any remaining Viking strongholds.
Correct answer: Kingdoms submitted to his overlordship.
He offered kingdoms money.
Correct answer: He created law codes.
Q6.
Law codes money which made Athelstan's people happy and wealthy.
Correct Answer: controlled, control

6 Questions

Q1.
Ethelred was the __________ Anglo-Saxon king following Athelstan.
second
tenth
Correct answer: sixth
Q2.
Match these keywords to their definition.
Correct Answer:reign,to rule as monarch, the King or Queen

to rule as monarch, the King or Queen

Correct Answer:tribute,payment made, often by one ruler to another

payment made, often by one ruler to another

Correct Answer:contest,fight for a position of power

fight for a position of power

Q3.
What does Ethelred the 'Unready' translate to?
Correct Answer: 'badly-prepared', 'badly-advised', 'not prepared'
Q4.
Who invaded in 1013 and became the first Viking king of England?
Correct Answer: Sweyn Forkbeard, Sweyn, Forkbeard
Q5.
Order these kings chronologically:
1 - King Ethelred
2 - King Canute
3 - King Harthacnut
Q6.
King Harthacnut was the Dane to rule England.
Correct Answer: last, final

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