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      Performing and improvising within an ABA structure

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can perform an ABA piece, keeping a steady pulse and improvising thoughtfully on the notes do, mi, so and la.

      Key learning points

      1. We can improvise alone, with a partner, or in an ensemble.
      2. To improvise thoughtfully, we can think about which notes we might use or which rhythm we might play.
      3. When we play and improvise in a group ensemble, it is important to listen to each other and keep a steady pulse.
      4. We can structure our musical performance to make it more interesting.

      Keywords

      • Call and response - a question and answer musical structure

      • Improvise - to thoughtfully create new musical ideas in the moment

      • Melody - a combination of notes to make a memorable tune

      • Structure - the way the music is organised

      • Ensemble - a group of people who perform together

      Common misconception

      Improvising doesn't require any thought.

      Before we improvise, we think about what notes or rhythms we might play and how we will structure our playing, but the final product is played in the moment.

      Teacher tip

      We will use the notes C, G, E, and A on pitched percussion isntruments. It may be useful to label the bars or remove the bars that are not needed if possible.

      Equipment

      Pitched percussion instruments and beaters.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the key word to its definition.

      Correct Answer:rhythm,the pattern of sounds that we play and sing
      Correct Answer:melody,a combination of notes to make a memorable tune
      Correct Answer:pulse,the regular, steady heartbeat of the music

      Q2.
      When we __________ we are creating new musical ideas in the moment.

      compose
      Correct answer: improvise

      Q3.
      Musical structure is ...

      how we practice a song.
      Correct answer: how the music is organised.
      how fast or slow the music is.
      when we notate music.

      Q4.
      Another way of describing ABA structure is as a musical .

      Correct Answer: sandwich

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      When we improvise in an ensemble we need to ...

      play our own part and not worry about what the rest of the group is doing.
      Correct answer: listen to each other and keep a steady pulse.
      play very loud so we can all be heard.

      Q2.
      When we improvise, we can play anything we want so we don't need to think about it.

      True
      Correct answer: False

      Q3.
      Before performing as an ensemble, it is important to .

      Correct Answer: rehearse, practise

      Q4.
      When we play within an ABA musical structure we need to ...

      An image in a quiz
      Correct answer: have a B section which is different than the A section.
      Correct answer: repeat the A section at the end of the piece.
      have three sections of music which are all different.

      To help you plan your 2 music lesson on: Performing and improvising within an ABA structure, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...