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      The Four Noble Truths: the Three Poisons

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain the Three Poisons, why knowing how they cause suffering is important and how this influences Buddhists today.

      Key learning points

      1. The Three Poisons are represented on the Wheel of Life as greed (cockerel), ignorance (pig) and hatred (snake).
      2. Buddhist teachings say that the Three Poisons are the root of suffering (dukkha).
      3. There are diverse interpretations between Buddhists about the Wheel of Life and the Three Poisons.
      4. It is important that Buddhists understand the Three Poisons so they can be avoided.
      5. Belief in the Three Poisons influences Buddhists' thoughts, beliefs and actions in different ways.

      Keywords

      • Three Poisons - causes of dukkha that affect all beings: ignorance, greed and hatred

      • Ignorance - the inability to see things as they really are

      • Greed - the attachment to material things and the ongoing selfish desire for more

      • Hatred - a feeling of intense dislike, anger; wishing others harm

      Common misconception

      All Buddhists interpret and respond to the Three Poisons in the same way.

      How Buddhists interpret and respond to the Three Poisons depends on the school of Buddhism they follow.

      Teacher tip

      This lesson can be linked to the second Noble Truth (samudaya) on the causes of suffering.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      The fourth Truth teaches that suffering can be overcome by following the Eightfold Path.

      Correct Answer: Noble, noble

      Q2.
      The Buddha taught that suffering is caused by , hatred and ignorance.

      Correct Answer: greed, Greed

      Q3.
      Which statement best describes the first Noble Truth?

      suffering only affects unwise people
      suffering is an illusion
      Correct answer: all life involves suffering (dukkha)

      Q4.
      What is the main cause of suffering, according to the second Noble Truth?

      the actions of others
      Correct answer: the Three Poisons
      bad luck

      Q5.
      Why is the third Noble Truth important to Buddhists?

      Correct answer: it shows that suffering can be ended
      it teaches that suffering will always exist
      it encourages people to ignore suffering

      Q6.
      Why do Buddhists compare the Four Noble Truths to a doctor’s diagnosis?

      the Buddha was originally a doctor
      the Noble Truths are about physical health
      Correct answer: the Four Noble Truths explain suffering, its cause and its cure

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      In Buddhism, greed, hatred and ignorance keep beings trapped in the cycle of .

      Correct Answer: samsara, Samsara

      Q2.
      Which animal represents hatred in the Three Poisons?

      a pig
      Correct answer: a snake
      a tiger

      Q3.
      How might a Buddhist try to reduce the influence of hatred?

      Correct answer: by practicing loving-kindness meditation (Metta Bhavana)
      by ignoring their emotions
      by seeking revenge in a peaceful way

      Q4.
      What is the connection between the Three Poisons and dukkha?

      the Three Poisons are a form of meditation
      the Three Poisons guarantee enlightenment
      Correct answer: the Three Poisons cause suffering (dukkha)

      Q5.
      Which Buddhist action shows an effort to overcome the Three Poisons?

      seeking more wealth to be happy
      Correct answer: studying the Buddha’s teachings and practicing generosity
      living in isolation to avoid suffering

      Q6.
      How do Buddhists' interpretations and responses to the Three Poisons vary?

      they all interpret and respond to the Three Poisons in the same way
      Correct answer: responses to the Three Poisons depend on the school of Buddhism they follow
      Buddhists ignore the Three Poisons in their practice
      the Three Poisons are only relevant in certain Buddhist countries

      To help you plan your 10 religious education lesson on: The Four Noble Truths: the Three Poisons, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...