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      Non-religious attitudes to human life

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain scientific views on the origins and value of human life.

      Key learning points

      1. Life began approximately 3.8 billion years ago, and modern humans appeared about 300,000 years ago.
      2. Species evolve via natural selection.
      3. Some see divine design in evolution, while others, such as Richard Dawkins, see natural selection.
      4. Laws regulate how animals are used.
      5. Peter Singer argues against speciesism and in favour of moral consideration of all sentient beings.

      Keywords

      • Evolution - scientific theory describing the development of species from earlier less complex forms through a process of natural selection and survival of the fittest

      • Sentientism - the belief that moral consideration should be given to all beings that can experience pain or pleasure (sentient beings), regardless of their species

      • Speciesism - the belief that humans are superior to other animals, justifying their use for human benefit, seen by Peter Singer as morally equivalent to racism

      Common misconception

      All scientists reject the idea that God is involved in evolution.

      Many scientists who accept the theory of evolution do not see it as incompatible with a belief in God. For example, some see evolution as the process through which God works, allowing for the possibility of divine involvement in the natural world.

      Teacher tip

      Recap Christian teachings on the origins of the universe, focusing on theistic evolution, in preparation for considering the views of scientists who accept God's involvement in creation.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Supervision

      Adult supervision required

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is creationism?

      Correct answer: the belief that God created life exactly as described in Genesis
      the belief that life developed through natural processes
      the belief that life developed through artificial processes

      Q2.
      What does ‘sanctity of life’ mean in Christianity?

      Correct answer: all life is sacred because it was created by God
      life is valuable only if it is useful to society
      human life is special, but animals have the same worth

      Q3.
      What does it mean to be created in the “image of God”?

      Correct answer: that humans reflect God’s nature and have a special purpose
      that humans physically resemble God
      that humans are identical to angels in their abilities

      Q4.
      Which Christian denomination emphasises the belief that “there is a part of God in everyone”?

      The Catholic Church
      Correct answer: The Quakers
      The Plymouth Brethren

      Q5.
      According to Genesis 2, how was Adam created?

      he evolved over millions of years
      he was made in the same way as animals
      Correct answer: he was formed from dust and given life by God’s breath

      Q6.
      Many Christians believe that while human life has a unique status, they still have a duty to care for .

      Correct Answer: animals, Animals

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which scientist argued that evolution is evidence of God’s design?

      Richard Dawkins
      Peter Singer
      Correct answer: John Polkinghorne

      Q2.
      What does the term ‘sentientism’ mean?

      Correct answer: the idea that all sentient beings deserve moral consideration
      the belief that humans are the only intelligent species
      the rejection of evolution in favour of religious belief

      Q3.
      Which philosopher is best known for promoting the concept of speciesism?

      Charles Darwin
      Correct answer: Peter Singer
      Alice Roberts

      Q4.
      What does Alice Roberts believe about human life?

      Correct answer: that humans evolved alongside animals and have a duty to care for the planet
      that humans are more important than animals
      that human life has value because it was created by God

      Q5.
      Which law regulates how animals are used for food in the UK?

      Correct answer: The Welfare of Animals at the Time of Killing regulations (WATOK)
      The Animal Protection Act
      The Sentient Beings Act

      Q6.
      Richard Dawkins argues that the appearance of design in nature is an .

      Correct Answer: illusion, Illusion

      To help you plan your 11 religious education lesson on: Non-religious attitudes to human life, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...