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      Changing laws in Norman England: Forest law

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can describe the changes introduced by Forest law and the impact of Forest law on ordinary people.

      Key learning points

      1. Forest law was a new set of laws introduced to England by the Normans.
      2. William and his successors increased the area classed as forest until a third of England was covered by Forest law.
      3. Punishments for breaking Forest law could be much more severe than punishments in common law.
      4. Forest law made life much harder for peasants because they were now banned from using resources they depended on.
      5. Forest law was resented by ordinary people but also by Norman tenants of the king, since it affected their lands too.

      Keywords

      • Successor - the person who is king or queen after the previous monarch

      • Tenant - someone who uses land owned by someone else in return for rent or services

      Common misconception

      That forest in Norman England always meant land covered by trees.

      Forest in Norman England meant an area that was reserved for hunting and so could include open land, village land, even towns, as well as woodland.

      Teacher tip

      Students could think about all the different resources that could be caught or gathered from lands around a village that were not used for crops or pasture - such as woodland, hedges, scrubland and heaths.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of serious crime

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Supervision

      Adult supervision required

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Complete the sentence: Almost everyone in Norman England for a living.

      Correct Answer: farmed, was a farmer

      Q2.
      Complete the sentence: are farm animals that are reared for food or used for farming work.

      Correct Answer: Livestock, livestock

      Q3.
      Which of the following statements are accurate about peasant children in Norman England?

      Correct answer: in autumn watched over the animals to stop them from wandering off
      Correct answer: generally did the same work as their parents
      Correct answer: had no education
      went to school until 11 years old
      started working in the fields when they were 17 years old

      Q4.
      Which group had up to 100 acres?

      Correct answer: freemen
      villeins
      bordars and cottars

      Q5.
      What did pottage consist of?

      fish, seasoning and potatoes
      Correct answer: mashed vegetables and oats with seasoning
      meat, herbs and cheese
      bread with bacon and herbs

      Q6.
      In what ways did the diet of the elites change in Norman England?

      They started to eat rye bread as it was quicker to make.
      Correct answer: They had a wider variety of meat, fish and wine.
      They started to eat pottage as they liked the taste.
      Correct answer: They had access to spices from the Middle East.
      Correct answer: They ate more venison (deer they hunted).

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which word describes the person who is king or queen after the previous monarch?

      Correct Answer: successor

      Q2.
      Which word describes someone who uses land owned by someone else in return for rent or services?

      Correct Answer: tenant, Tenant

      Q3.
      Complete the sentence with the correct fraction: One of England was covered by Forest law during Henry I's reign.

      fifth
      quarter
      Correct answer: third

      Q4.
      How much did did the crown receive in Forest law fines in 1130?

      £100
      £400
      £1000
      Correct answer: £1400

      Q5.
      Why did Forest law create tension between the Norman kings and the nobility?

      They were no longer able to gather essential resources.
      Correct answer: The rights of ‘free warren’ usually went to Church tenants not nobility.
      Correct answer: William II promised to restore free hunting but never did.
      They believed that excessive hunting was sinful.

      Q6.
      Why did Forest law create tension between the Norman kings and the Church?

      They were no longer able to gather essential resources.
      Correct answer: They believed that excessive hunting was sinful.
      Correct answer: Their income was reduced as they lost land to Forest law.
      They were severely punished for breaking it.

      To help you plan your 10 history lesson on: Changing laws in Norman England: Forest law, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...